Mature teratomas vary greatly in appearance and may be further classified as follows as cystic, solid, and mixed. Ovarian teratomas are a rare type of tumor in the ovaries that are made up of developed tissues and organs such as the hair, teeth, muscle, and bone. When viewed under a microscope, ovarian teratomas look like...
What is adenocarcinoma? Adenocarcinoma happens when cells in the glands that line organs grow out of control. They may spread to other places and harm healthy organs. Adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that starts in the glands that line the organs. Glands secrete substances like saliva, stomach acid, or hormones that help the body...
Cervical cancer has association with a long-standing infection with HPV Cervical cancer may occur because of numerous reasons but has a strong association with a long-standing infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). Cervical cancer occurs in the cells of the cervix (the mouth of the uterus). This cancer can affect the deeper tissues of the cervix and...
What is pancreatic cancer? Cancer of the the pancreas is called pancreatic cancer. Pain in the upper abdomen and back is commonly seen in those who have pancreatic cancer. The back pain is generally not constant. The word “cancer” means an uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells. When cancer starts in the pancreas, it is...
How does one get primary lymphoma of bone? Signs of lymphoma are bone pain, especially pain that worsens with activity, weight loss, and others. Lymphoma is a cancer of infection-fighting cells (lymphocytes), white blood cells of the immune system. These cells are normally found in the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, and bone marrow. The exact...
What is NUT carcinoma? NUT carcinoma, also called NUT midline carcinoma, is a highly aggressive tumor arising due to abnormality in a gene called the NUT (nuclear protein in the testis) gene. NUT carcinoma may be curable when detected early. NUT carcinoma, also called NUT midline carcinoma, is a highly aggressive tumor arising due to...
Lumpectomy is performed under anesthesia; hence, the procedure itself is not painful. Lumpectomy is performed under anesthesia; hence, the procedure itself is not painful. After the surgery and recovery from anesthesia, patients may experience pain, which usually resolves in a few days and can be minimized with painkillers prescribed by the doctor. Lumpectomy is a surgical...
ER/PR positive breast cancers tend to grow more slowly than ER/PR negative cancers Estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) positive breast cancers tend to grow more slowly than ER/PR negative cancers, and are more likely to respond to hormone therapy. Approximately two-thirds of breast cancers are ER and/or PR positive. Estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors are proteins...
HER2-positive breast cancers tend to be more aggressive HER2 (Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor-2) -positive breast cancers tend to be more aggressive and grow more quickly than HER2-negative cancers. HER2-positive cancers also spread faster to nearby lymph nodes and other parts of the body even if they are small and in early stages, and they...
Diagnostic tests can confirm or eliminate the presence of cancer Cancer testing for a patient requires a thorough medical history and physical examination along with multiple diagnostic tests. Diagnostic tests can confirm or eliminate the presence of disease and monitor the disease process. Diagnostic testing for cancer includes: Laboratory tests (including tests for tumor markers)...