What is human albumin?
Albumin is a naturally occurring transport protein
found in the body. Medically it is used to treat a variety of conditions related to a person’s insufficient production of albumin.
What brand names are available for human albumin?
- Albuked-5
- Albuked-25
- Albuminar-5
- Albuminar-25
- Alburx
- Albutein
- Buminate
- Flexbumin
- Kedbumin
- Plasbumin-5
- Plasbumin-25
Why is human albumin prescribed to patients?
Albumin is used for hypovolemia (low blood volume),
hypoalbuminemia (low albumin), burns, acute respiratory distress syndrome
(ARDS), nephrosis,
renal dialysis,
cardiopulmonary bypass surgery,
acute liver
failure, and hemolytic disease of the newborn.
What are the side effects of human albumin?
Side effects of albumin are
Allergic
reactions may occur. Albumin is a blood product and therefore has a small risk
of transmission of viral diseases.
What is the dosage for human albumin?
Adults
- Hypovolemia: Administer albumin 25% 100 to 200 ml; repeat in 15 to 20 minutes
if necessary for patients' primarily needing protein/oncotic pressure. For
patients with significant plasma or volume deficits (hypovolemic shock), use
albumin 5%. - Hypoalbuminemia: Initially administer 12.5 to 25 g of albumin IV, based on
total albumin deficit. Maximum 2 g of albumin per kg of weight per day. - Burns: After the first 24 hours, administer albumin 5% or 25% IV to achieve
plasma albumin level of approximately 2.5 g / 100 ml or a total plasma protein
concentration 5.2 g / 100 ml. Initial dose of 25 g of albumin is recommended. - Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): Administer 25 g of albumin IV
over 30 minutes, every 8 hours for 3 days, if necessary.
Children:
- Hypovolemia: Administer albumin 25% 2.5 to 5 ml per kg of weight; repeat in
15 – 20 minutes if necessary. For patients with significant plasma deficits, use
albumin 5%. - Hypoalbuminemia: For ages 12 to 16, administer 50 to 75 g IV as initial dose.
- Burns: For ages 12 to 16, dose should be individualized based on plasma
oncotic pressure or protein content or by direct observations of vital signs;
patients must be adequately hydrated. - Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): For ages 12 to 16, administer 25
g of albumin IV over 30 minutes, every 8 hours for 3 days, if necessary. - Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn: May administer albumin 25% prior to or
during exchange transfusion in a dose of 1 g per kg of bodyweight.
Safe and effective use of albumin 5% and 25% is not established in children
less than 12 years of age.
Which drugs or supplements interact with human albumin?
Albumin should not be diluted with sterile water because
this can cause hemolysis.
Do not mix with protein hydrolysates or solutions containing alcohol since
these combinations can cause the proteins to precipitate.
Do not mix with other medicinal products including blood and blood
components. Albumin is compatible with whole blood, plasma, saline, glucose or
sodium lactate.
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Is human albumin safe to use during pregnancy or while breastfeeding?
There are no adequate studies done on albumin to determine safe
and effective use in pregnant women.
Albumin is present in breast milk. It is compatible with
breastfeeding.
What else should I know about human albumin?
What preparations of human albumin are available?
Albumin intravenous solution is available in 5% and 25%
concentrations. Albumin 5% is available in 50 ml (2.5 grams of albumin), 250 ml
(12.5 grams of albumin), and 500 ml (25 grams of albumin) bottles or vials.
Albumin 25% is available in 20 ml (5 grams of albumin), 50 ml (12.5 grams of
albumin), and 100 ml (25 grams of albumin) bottles or vials.
How should I keep human albumin stored?
Albumin is stored at room temperature not exceeding 30 C (86 F). Do not freeze the solution.
How does human albumin work?
Albumin is a naturally occurring transport protein
found in the body. Albumin binds to many substances including bilirubin, fatty
acids, hormones, enzymes, drugs, dyes, and trace elements. Albumin is
responsible for 70% to 80% of the osmotic pressure of normal plasma, regulating
the volume of circulating blood. Albumin temporarily increases blood volume.
Commercially available albumin is fractionated from blood or plasma from donors.