What is narcolepsy? The five classical signs of narcolepsy are EDS, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, hallucinations, and disrupted sleep. Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that affects your ability to sleep and wake up. People with narcolepsy have excessive, uncontrollable daytime sleepiness. They may also suddenly fall asleep at any time, during any type of activity. About in 1 in 2,000...
What is an adhesiolysis procedure? Picture of an abdominal scar after adhesiolysis procedure. Adhesiolysis is a surgical procedure that removes abdominal adhesions. After abdominal surgery, the scar tissue is formed over the surgical wounds. This is part of the healing process. In some cases, the scars thicken giving rise to bands or lumps of scars...
What is percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage? In percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage a small, flexible, plastic tube is placed through the skin into the liver to drain a blocked bile duct system. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage (PTCD) is a procedure to drain bile to relieve pressure in the bile ducts caused by...
What is the colon? Laparoscopic colectomy is used to treat and prevent diseases and conditions that affect the colon, such as bleeding that can't be controlled. The colon (called the large intestine or large bowel) is a part of the digestive system. The colon sits is situated in the abdominal cavity and travels down to...
What is Hartmann’s procedure? Hartmann’s procedure is necessary to preserve the healthy part of the colon in conditions that most commonly include diverticulitis and colon cancer Hartmann’s procedure is a surgical procedure in which an unhealthy part of your colon is cut from the rest of the colon, and the open end of the colon...
What is an endobronchial ultrasound? Endobronchial Ultrasound helps the doctors to obtain tissue or fluid samples from the lungs and surrounding areas without invasive surgery. Endobronchial ultrasound is a procedure used to diagnose various lung problems, including infections and cancer. The procedure allows the doctors to investigate the lungs and to take samples with the...
What are atrial septal defect and patent foramen ovale? The symptoms of a Patent Foramen Ovale or atrial septal defect may be managed by medications. In some cases, surgery may be needed. The heart has four chambers, the upper two called atria and the lower two called ventricles. The left and right atria are separated...
What is coronary CT angiography? Coronary computerized tomography angiography (CCTA) is a heart scan or imaging test that helps diagnose plaque buildup and consequent narrowing of the coronary arteries (the blood vessels that supply the heart). During a CCTA scan, you may receive an iodine-containing material (contrast) as an intravenous injection to ensure the best...
What is a mid-forehead brow lift? The average cost of a brow lift is $3,623, according to 2018 statistics from the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. A mid-forehead brow lift, commonly known as a brow lift, is a procedure that involves surgical correction of eyebrow sagging. It also helps: Eliminate the wrinkle lines that appear...
What is forehead reconstruction? The cost of this surgery depends upon various factors, so consulting an experienced surgeon can help to review each of the costs. The forehead encompasses one-third of the face and can be subjected to trauma. The forehead can be divided into several subunits: Midline: Extends from the space between the brows...