What is guaifenesin with codeine, and how does it work (mechanism of action)? Guaifenesin with codeine is an oral, liquid cough medicine. Guaifenesin is an expectorant, which works by thinning and increasing the volume of mucus. Codeine is a narcotic cough suppressant that works by suppressing the cough reflex in the brain, eventually reducing the...
What is amikacin injection, and how does it work (mechanism of action)? Amikacin is a man-made aminoglycoside antibiotic. It is similar to tobramycin and gentamicin. Amikacin binds to components of bacteria that produce important bacterial proteins, blocking protein synthesis which eventually leads to stopping further bacterial growth. Amikacin is used to treat infections caused by...
What is Anoro Ellipta and what is it used for? Anoro Ellipta is a combination anticholinergic/long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (anticholinergic/LABA) indicated for the long-term, once-daily, maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema. Anoro Ellipta is only approved for use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Anoro Ellipta is NOT approved for use in...
Atomoxetine vs. Adderall comparison Atomoxetine (Strattera) and Adderall (amphetamine and dextroamphetamine) are both used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD (Adderall can also treat narcolepsy). Atomoxetine, however, is the first ADHD drug that is non-addictive, whereas Adderall and other ADHD drugs (like Ritalin) are stimulants with a high potential for abuse. Although it is...
What is vitamin D-oral, and how does it work (mechanism of action)? Vitamin D is a necessary vitamin for the growth and development of bones. Vitamin D is commonly known as ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3). Vitamin D2 and D3 are broken down to their active form, calcitriol, in the body. Calcitriol works...
What is Cyanokit (hydroxocobalamin)? Cyanokit is an injectable drug that reverses the effect of cyanide. It is an antidote used for treating cyanide poisoning. Cyanide is an extremely toxic poison. Cyanide poisoning can kill within minutes because it prevents cells in the body from using oxygen. What brand names are available for Cyanokit (hydroxocobalamin)? Cyanokit...
Ativan (lorazepam) vs. Librium (chlordiazepoxide): What’s the difference? Ativan (lorazepam) and Librium (chlordiazepoxide) are benzodiazepines used to manage anxiety disorders, before anesthesia for sedation, and to prevent and treat alcohol withdrawal. Ativan is also used for the short-term relief of symptoms of anxiety or anxiety associated with depression, to treat panic attacks, short-term and long-term...
What are ketorolac tromethamine eye drops? How do ketorolac tromethamine eye drops work? Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) similar to ibuprofen, indomethacin, naproxen, and many others. Ketorolac blocks prostaglandin synthesis. Prostaglandins have many effects in the body including their role in pain and inflammation. In the eye prostaglandin is involved in inflammation, pain,...
Adderall vs. Dexedrine comparison Adderall and Dexedrine are similar prescription stimulants used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD or ADD) and narcolepsy. The only difference is Adderall contains two active ingredients, amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, one of which is the single active ingredient in Dexedrine (dextroamphetamine) For this reason, little difference exists in the effects...
What is ammonium lactate topical, and how does it work (mechanism of action)? Ammonium lactate is an anti-itch topical medication formulated from 12% lactic acid and ammonium hydroxide. Ammonium lactate hydrates the outermost skin layer and promotes skin moisturizing for a prolonged time. Ammonium lactate also prevents keratinization of epidermal skin layer, which keeps skin...