What is PCR (polymerase chain reaction)? PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a method to analyze a short sequence of DNA (or RNA) even in samples containing only minute quantities of DNA or RNA. PCR is used to reproduce (amplify) selected sections of DNA or RNA. Previously, amplification of DNA involved cloning the segments of interest...
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18 Liver Tests & Procedures
What are the liver-related procdures and tests? Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Blood Test Antimitochondrial Antibody (AMA) Test Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) Test CAT Scan Chemoinfusion and Chemoembolization of the Liver (TACE) Cholecystectomy Cholescintigraphy Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) Laparoscopy Liver Biopsy Liver Blood Tests Liver Resection MRI Scan Proton Beam Therapy of the Liver Radiofrequency Ablation...
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Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): Steps in This DNA Test
What is PCR (polymerase chain reaction)? PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a method to analyze a short sequence of DNA (or RNA) even in samples containing only minute quantities of DNA or RNA. PCR is used to reproduce (amplify) selected sections of DNA or RNA. Previously, amplification of DNA involved cloning the segments of interest...
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Breast Cancer Prevention Tips, Diet & Medications
Breast cancer prevention facts As is the case for most cancers, the exact cause of breast cancer is not clearly known. Furthermore, there is currently no cure for advanced disease, and there is no definitive way of preventing it. Breast cancer affects men and women. Male breast cancer accounts for about 1% of all breast...
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Asbestos Exposure Dangers: Testing, Symptoms, Ban
Asbestos exposure diseases definitions, dangers, and facts Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that has been linked to human lung disease. All forms of asbestos increase the risk of lung disease. The three types of asbestos-related lung disease are scarring (asbestosis), non-cancerous disease of the tissue of the lining of the surface of the lung...
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Head and Neck Cancer Treatment, Symptoms & Causes
Head and neck cancer facts* *Head and neck cancer facts by John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP Cancers of the head and neck are identified by the area in which they begin: the oral cavity, salivary glands, paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx (voicebox), and lymph nodes in the neck. Cancers of the brain, eye,...
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Dry Eye Syndrome Treatment, Symptoms, Home Remedies & Causes
Dry eye syndrome facts A disturbance of the tear film characterizes dry eye syndrome, a very common and usually benign condition. This abnormality may result in disruption of the ocular surface, causing a variety of symptoms and signs and interference with quality of life. To help keep the eyes comfortable and vision optimal, a normal,...
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Hydrocortisone Injection Side Effects & Dosage
What is hydrocortisone acetate-injection, and how does it work (mechanism of action)? Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid (steroid medicine) that is used to treat inflammation due to a number of diseases and conditions. The medicine in hydrocortisone is similar to cortisol, a natural hormone produced by our adrenal glands. Corticosteroids have potent anti-inflammatory actions and also...
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vitamin K-1, phytonadione (Mephyton): Side Effects & Dosage
What is vitamin k-injection, and how does it work (mechanism of action)? Phytonadione is a synthetic form of vitamin K that is chemically identically to the naturally occurring vitamin K. Vitamin K is found in many foods from both plant and animal sources. Common sources of vitamin K include green leafy vegetables such as broccoli,...
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Screening Tests for Cancer: Facts on Early Cancer Detection
Cancer Screening Test Facts* *Cancer screening test facts medical author: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD Cancer screening tests are tests that look for the presence of cancer in healthy people or people without symptoms of cancer. Cancer screening tests are designed to find cancers at an early stage when they are more treatable. Some cancer screening...