What is alemtuzumab, and how does it work (mechanism of action)?
- Alemtuzumab is an injectable drug used for the treatment of B-cell chronic
lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). People with CLL have too many of a type of white
blood cell called lymphocytes in the blood and bone marrow. Alemtuzumab is an
antibody that targets a protein called CD52 that is found on the surface of the
lymphocytes. Alemtuzumab attaches to lymphocytes and then activates the immune
system to help kill the lymphocytes. - The FDA approved alemtuzumab in May, 2001.
Is alemtuzumab available as a generic drug?
No
Do I need a prescription for alemtuzumab?
Yes
What are the uses for alemtuzumab?
Alemtuzumab is used alone for the treatment of B-cell
chronic
lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL)
What are the side effects of alemtuzumab?
Common side effects include:
- Low blood cell counts
- Infusion reactions
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and other infections
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Insomnia
- Fever
- Chills
Other side effects include:
What is the dosage for alemtuzumab?
- Alemtuzumab is given by intravenous infusion over 2 hours. The dose should be
gradually increased to the recommended dose of 30 mg/day three times per week
for 12 weeks. - Medications that should be given during alemtuzumab therapy to prevent side
effects and infections include oral antihistamines, acetaminophen (Tylenol),
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole DS (Bactrim DS), and famciclovir (Famvir).
Which drugs or supplements interact with alemtuzumab?
Alemtuzumab drug interaction studies have not been
conducted.
Is alemtuzumab safe to take if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?
- Proteins such as alemtuzumab, may cross the placental barrier and may be
excreted in breast milk. Alemtuzumab has not been studied in
pregnant women or
nursing mothers. It should be given to a pregnant or nursing woman only if
clearly needed.
What else should I know about alemtuzumab?
What preparations of alemtuzumab are available?
Injection (single use vial): 30 mg/vial
How should I keep alemtuzumab stored?
Alemtuzumab should be stored at 2 C to 8 C (36 F to 46 F), protected
from light, and not frozen. If frozen, thaw to 2 to 8 C before administration.