What is cabergoline? How does it work (mechanism of action)? Cabergoline is a synthetic ergot derived medication that acts on dopamine receptors in the pituitary gland which is located at the base of the brain. Cabergoline stimulates D2 (a specific type of dopamine receptor) receptors in the anterior pituitary gland and prevents the production of...
What is bariatric surgery? There are different forms of bariatric surgery, but they all aim to shrink the stomach and sometimes affect nutrient absorption to help the patient lose weight. Bariatric surgery is an operation on the digestive system to help an obese person lose weight. The surgery restricts calorie intake by reducing the size...
Peptic ulcer (stomach, duodenum) facts and picture Peptic ulcers may not be painful for some people, but for others the pain is constant. Peptic ulcer are sores in the lining of the esophagus, stomach or duodenum. The main symptom of a stomach or duodenal ulcer is upper abdominal pain, which can be dull, sharp, or...
What is anastrozole-oral, and how does it work (mechanism of action)? Anastrozole is an aromatase inhibitor, an anti-cancer medication use for the adjuvant or initial treatment of breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Estrogen causes or increases growth of certain breast cancers. Anastrozole works by blocking aromatase enzyme, which is involved in estrogen production in the...
Labrum Tear Overview The main symptom of a torn labrum is pain. Your shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint. The rounded top of your arm bone sits in the hollowed-out socket of your shoulder blade like a golf ball on top of a tee. This position makes your shoulder easy to move but also very unstable....
What is typhoid vaccine-oral enteric-coated capsule, and how does it work (mechanism of action)? Typhoid vaccine is a live attenuated (weakened) oral typhoid vaccine. Typhoid disease is caused by ingestion of Salmonella typhi strains from contaminated food or water. Active immunity from vaccine is occurs when the body produces antibodies to typhoid in response to...
What is trifluoperazine? What is trifluoperazine used for? Trifluoperazine is an oral antipsychotic medication used for the management of schizophrenia. Trifluoperazine is one of the older, first-generation antipsychotic medications. Examples of other first-generation antipsychotics include: prochlorperazine (Compazine, Compro, Procomp) chlorpromazine (Promapar, Thorazine) perphenazine (Trilafon) thioridazine (Mellaril) Although the exact mechanism of antipsychotics is unknown, scientists...
What is tryptophan capsule, tablet, and how does it work (mechanism of action)? L-tryptophan is an herbal supplement used for depression. Chemically it is a natural occurring amino acid obtained from plants and animals. L-tryptophan is an "essential" amino acid because humans cannot make it and must obtain L-tryptophan from food. It is converted in...
What is steroid and antibiotic eye drops, and how does it work (mechanism of action)? These eye drops and ointments contain a combination of a steroid and one or more types of antibiotic for treatment of infection and inflammation of the eye. The steroid reduces inflammation while the antibiotic treats or prevents infection which may...
What is tigecycline, and how does it work (mechanism of action)? Tigecycline is an injectable antibiotic used for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible bacteria. Tigecycline is similar to tetracycline antibiotics and has activity against a large number of bacteria. Tigecycline binds to bacterial ribosomes which produce the cell's proteins. The binding prevents bacterial...