What is dexmethylphenidate, and how does it work (mechanism of action)?
Dexmethylphenidate is a medication used for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is chemically similar to methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta). It stimulates the central nervous system (CNS or brain) in a manner that is similar to amphetamines; however, its actions are milder than amphetamines.
It stimulates the brain by increasing the level of neurotransmitters, dopamine and norepinephrine, in the brain neurotransmitters are chemicals produced by nerves that are released and attach to other nearby nerves as a means of communication among nerves). The exact mechanism of action of the drug in people with ADHD is unknown. FDA approved dexmethylphenidate extended-release capsules in May 2005.
What brand names are available for dexmethylphenidatel?
Focalin, Focalin XR
Is dexmethylphenidate available as a generic drug?
Yes
Do I need a prescription for dexmethylphenidate?
Yes
What are the side effects of dexmethylphenidate?
Side effects of dexmethylphenidate are increased blood
pressure, indigestion, loss of appetite, dry mouth, headache, sleeplessness and
anxiety.
Dexmethylphenidate may be abused and it is a Schedule II controlled
medication. Long term abuse can cause tolerance, psychological dependence,
abnormal behavior, and psychosis. Use cautiously in people with a history of
drug or alcohol abuse.
Which drugs or supplements interact with dexmethylphenidate?
Dexmethylphenidate should not be combined with
monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) such as phenelzine (Nardil), selegiline (Zelapar,
Emsam, and Eldepryl), tranylcypromine (Parnate), procarbazine (Matulane),
rasagiline (Azilect), and isocarboxazid (Marplan) because of risks of
hypertensive crisis. Dexmethylphenidate and MAO inhibitors should be separated
by at least 14 days.
Dexmethylphenidate should be used with caution with blood pressure
medications or individuals with high blood pressure because it can increase
blood pressure and decrease effectiveness of blood pressure medications.
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Is dexmethylphenidate safe to take if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?
There are no adequate studies done on dexmethylphenidate to
determine safe and effective use in
pregnant women.
It is not known whether dexmethylphenidate enters
breast
milk; therefore, it is best to be cautious before using it in nursing mothers.
What else should I know about dexmethylphenidate?
What preparations of dexmethylphenidate are available?
Tablet: 2.5, 5, 10 mg. Capsules (extended-release) dexmethylphenidate: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 mg
How should I keep dexmethylphenidate stored?
Store dexmethylphenidate between temperatures of 15 C to 30 C (59 F
to 86 F).