Haldol (haloperidol) Uses, Dosage & Side Effects

What is Haldol (haloperidol)?

Haldol (haloperidol) is an antipsychotic medication.
It also is used to control tics and vocal utterances that are part of
Tourette’s
syndrome.

Is Haldol (haloperidol) available as a generic drug?

Yes

Do I need a prescription for Haldol (haloperidol)?

Yes

Why is Haldol (haloperidol) prescribed to patients?

Haldol is used for treating schizophrenia, acute
psychosis, and for tics and vocal utterances of Tourette’s syndrome.

Schizophrenia is the most disabling mental illness.
See Answer

What are the side effects of Haldol (haloperidol)?

The most common side effects associated with Haldol are:

• extrapyramidal effects (sudden, often jerky, involuntary motions of the head, neck, arms, body, or eyes,
  muscle stiffness, akathisia, Parkinsonism),
• dizziness,
• hyperactivity,
• tiredness, and
• nausea.

Other important side effects are:

• sedation,
• weight gain,
• erectile dysfunction,
• menstrual irregularities,
• insomnia,
• gynecomastia,
• dry mouth, 
• vomiting, and
• constipation

Haldol may cause a condition called "orthostatic hypotension"
during the early phase of treatment (first week or two). Orthostatic hypotension
causes patients to become dizzy upon arising from a lying or sitting position
because of a drop in blood pressure.

Haldol also may cause abnormal heart
beats, sudden death,
seizures, decreases in red and white blood cells, and
withdrawal symptoms.

Elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis and
treated with antipsychotic drugs such as
Haldol are at an increased risk of
death.

What is the dosage for Haldol (haloperidol)?

• The recommended oral dose for schizophrenia is 0.5-5 mg two or
  three times daily up to a maximum dose of 30 mg daily. The lactate solution dose
  is 2-5 mg every 4-8 hours as needed by intramuscular injection. The lactate
  solution may also be administered by intravenous injection at 1-2 mg every 2-4
  hours and titrated to effect. The maximum single injection dose is 50 mg and the
  maximum daily dose is 500 mg daily. The dose for the decanoate solution is 10-20
  times the daily oral dose once monthly by intramuscular injection. The decanoate
  solution should not be administered intravenously.
• The recommended dose for
  treating Tourette’s syndrome is 0.5-5 mg orally two or three times daily.

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Which drugs or supplements interact with Haldol (haloperidol)?

Haldol causes sedation, and sedation may be
greater if Haldol is taken with alcohol and other drugs that can cause
sedation such as the benzodiazepine class of
anti-anxiety drugs
for example:

• diazepam (Valium)
• lorazepam (Ativan)
• clonazepam (Klonopin)
• alprazolam (Xanax)

The narcotic class of pain medications and its
derivatives for example:

• oxycodone and
  acetaminophen (Percocet)
• hydrocodone/acetaminophen
  (Vicodin)
• Dilaudid
• Codeine,
• propoxyphene (Darvon)

The
tricyclic class of antidepressants
for example:

• amitriptyline (Elavil,
  Endep)
• imipramine (Tofranil)
• desipramine (Norpramin)

Some antihistamines for example:

• hydroxyzine (Atarax, Vistaril)
• diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
• Tavist

Certain
antihypertensive medications for example:

• clonidine (Catapres)
• propranolol (Inderal)

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
may increase the elimination of Haldol, rendering the Haldol less
effective. Rifampin (Rifadin) may decrease the elimination of
Haldol,
increasing the risk of side effects from Haldol.

Is Haldol (haloperidol) safe to use during pregnancy or while breastfeeding?

• Neonates exposed to antipsychotics during the 3rd trimester
  of pregnancy may develop withdrawal symptoms and extrapyramidal symptoms.
• Haldol is secreted into
  breast milk. It should not be used while breast feeding.

What else should I know about Haldol (haloperidol)?

What preparations of Haldol (haloperidol) are available?

• Tablets: 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20 mg.
• Oral Concentrate:
  1 and 2 mg/ml.
• Injectable solution (lactate): 5 mg/ml;
• Injectable solution (decanoate):
  50 and 100 mg/ml.

How should I keep Haldol (haloperidol) stored?

• Tablets should be stored at room temperature, 15-30 C (59-86
  F).

How does Haldol (haloperidol) work?

• Haloperidol interferes with the effects of neurotransmitters in the
  brain which are the chemical messengers that nerves manufacture and release to
  communicate with one another. Haloperidol blocks receptors for the
  neurotransmitters (specifically the
  dopamine and serotonin type 2 receptors) on
  the nerves. As a result, the nerves are not "activated" by the neurotransmitters
  released by other nerves.

When was Haldol (haloperidol) approved by the FDA?

• Haloperidol was approved by the FDA in 1967.