All-purpose flour typically contains between 8 to 11% gluten, depending on the type of wheat from which it’s made.
No, all-purpose flour is a refined flour made from the endosperm of whole wheat grains. However, the gluten content may vary from one type of wheat to another. For example, soft wheat may have less gluten than hard wheat, and spring wheat has more protein than winter wheat. Gluten levels vary between different types of flour, which determines what that flour can be used for.
Gluten's protein content is critical for food items to maintain their form. As a result, the appropriate amount of gluten in wheat will vary depending on what you are preparing. Cake flour, which has just seven to nine percent gluten, is the flour with the least quantity of gluten, and it can make cake, muffins and delicate biscuits.
Gluten is found in 8 to 11 percent of all-purpose flour. Waffles, pie crusts, pastries and cookies can be made using all-purpose flour. Bread flour, on the other hand, contains the highest gluten content (12 to 14 percent) and is ideal for yeasted food products.
What is gluten and what are its effects on the body?
Gluten is a term used to describe the proteins present in grains, such as wheat, barley and rye. Gluten provides elasticity and moisture to the food, acting like glue and helping it maintain its shape.
Gluten is responsible for the soft, chewy texture found in many gluten-containing, grain-based dishes. Providing a range of culinary benefits, gluten proteins produce an elastic network that may stretch and trap gas when heated, allowing bread, pasta and other similar foods to rise and retain moisture. Gluten is widely utilized in a range of processed foods due to its unique physical qualities.
Although gluten is generally healthy for most people, those with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity should avoid it to prevent negative health consequences. People with gluten intolerance cannot digest gluten, which leads to:
- Diarrhea and constipation
- Bloating
- Abdominal pain
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Headache
- Skin reactions
- Joint and muscle pains
- Leg or arm numbness
- Depression or anxiety
- Confusion
- Iron-deficiency anemia
- Unexplained weight loss
- Autoimmune disorders
- Nasal congestion
- Anaphylaxis
What is gluten-free flour?
There are several gluten-free flours available in the market made from a variety of ingredients, each with different tastes, textures and nutrients. While they can be used in almost any recipe, other flours should be included to provide structure and elasticity.
Gluten-free flour includes:
- Buckwheat
- Almond
- Sorghum
- Amaranth
- Teff
- Arrowroot
- Brown rice
- Oat
- Corn
- Chickpea
- Coconut
- Tapioca
- Cassava
- Tigernut
For people with celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity or who avoid gluten for other reasons, there are a variety of healthy, gluten-free alternatives that are rich in nutrients compared to ordinary or wheat flour.
It is important to check food labels when purchasing whole grains. Even gluten-free whole grains can be contaminated with gluten, especially if they are processed in the same facility as gluten-containing foods.